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C11 · THE SLACK THE HEADLINE RATE HIDES

U-6 underemployment rate

8.10
CALM ROBUST z -0.14 DRS 95 monthly as of 2026-05-01

Where it sits: higher than ~62% of its last decade.

The full history

1994 high 22.90 · low 6.60 · now 8.10 · 3 recessions shaded 2026

How it is read

What it measures
the slack the headline rate hides
Where it sits
higher than ~62% of its last decade — at the 62th percentile of its last decade.
z vs. its window
-0.14 (strain side: up). 118 observations in the window.
State rule
z < 1 CALM · 1 ≤ z < 2 WATCH · z ≥ 2 EXTREME, measured only toward the declared strain side.
Confidence
ROBUST — a primary official series, mechanically reported.
Reliability (DRS)
DRS 95 — Adds involuntary part-time and marginally attached workers to the unemployment count. BLS-produced; subject to the integrity-events DRS factor.

Where it comes from

FRED ↗ Every number on this site is reproducible from this primary source.

What it read at past stress points

Lehman, Sep 2008 11.10 ▲ EXTREME
Q4-2018 selloff 7.60 · CALM
Curve inversion, Aug 2019 7.20 · CALM
COVID crash, Mar 2020 8.80 · CALM

Questions it helps answer

  • Work — Is the labor market holding — and how broadly?